North Korea carries out public executions on river banks and at school grounds and marketplaces for charges such as stealing copper from factory machines, distributing media from South Korea and prostitution, a report issued on Wednesday said.


A report by a Seoul-based non-government group, Transitional Justice Working Group, said extra-judicial decisions for public executions are frequently influenced by “bad” family background or a government campaignto discourage certain behaviour.

The TJWG said its report was based on interviews with 375North Korean defectors from the isolated stateover a period of two years.


Reuters could not independently verify the testimony of defectors in the report. The TJWG is made up of human rights activists and researchers and is led by Lee Young-hwan, who has worked as an advocate for human rights in North Korea.




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It receives most of its funding from the U.S.-based National Endowment for Democracy, which in turn is funded by the U.S. Congress.



The TJWG report aims to document the locations of public killings and mass burials, which it says had not been done previously, to support an international push to hold to accountthose who commit what it describes as crimes against humanity.


“The maps and the accompanying testimonies create a picture of the scale of the abuses that have taken place over decades,” the group said.


TJWG said its project to map the locations of mass graves and executions has the potential to contribute to documentation that could backthe push for accountability and future efforts to bring the North to justice.


It said executions are carried out in prison camps to incite fearand intimidation among potential escapees, and public executions are carried out for seemingly minorcrimes, including the theftof farm produce such as corn and rice.



North Korea rejects charges of human rights abuses, saying its citizens enjoy protection under the constitution and accuses the U.S. of being the world’s worst rights violator.



However, the North has faced an unprecedented push to hold the regime and its leader, Kim Jong Un, accountable for a wide range of rights abuses since a landmark 2014 report by a United Nationscommission.



UN member countries urged theSecurity Councilin 2014 to consider referring North Korea and its leader to theInternational Criminal Courtfor crimes against humanity, as alleged in a Commission of Inquiry report.



The commission detailed abuses including large prison camps, systematic torture, starvation and executions comparable to Nazi-era atrocities, and linked the activities to the North’s leadership.



North Korea has rejected that inquiry’s findings and the push to bring the North to a tribunal remains stalled due in part to objections by Chinaand Russia, which hold veto powers at the UN Security Council.